AstronomyLatest sunsets follow the summer solstice

Latest sunsets follow the summer solstice

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View at EarthSky Community Photos | Christy Mandeville in Indian Shores, Florida, captured this dramatic sundown at 8:24 p.m. on June 8, 2022. Christy wrote: “The little boy within the picture stored working round me as I used to be attempting to seize the right sundown picture. After I went by the lots of of photographs I captured, I had no concept that he was in any of them! This one stood out.” Thanks, Christy! The newest sunsets observe the summer solstice. Learn extra beneath.

Newest sunsets after summer time solstice

For the Northern Hemisphere: Your newest sunsets – and newest night twilights – are occurring round now. They all the time are available late June and early July. In the meantime, the Northern Hemisphere’s longest day falls on the June 21 solstice.

For 40 degrees north (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; simply north of Denver, Colorado; Beijing, China; Turkey; Japan and Spain), the most recent sunsets are centered round June 27. The yr’s newest sunsets all the time come after the summer time solstice. However the precise date of the most recent sundown is determined by your latitude. Farther north – at Seattle – the most recent sunsets occur on dates centered on June 25.

Even farther south – at Mexico Metropolis or Hawaii – the most recent sunsets are centered on dates in early July.

For the Southern Hemisphere: Your newest sunrises of the yr occur in late June and early July.

For the Northern or Southern Hemispheres: Newest sunsets go hand-in-hand along with your newest twilights. The newest twilights of the yr for 40 levels north additionally occur in late June and early July. More about twilight below.

To seek out out the dawn and sundown instances for a given day, go to sunrise sunset calendars.

Sunset over the ocean.
View at EarthSky Community Photos. | Cecille Kennedy of Depoe Bay, Oregon, captured this picture on Might 23, 2023, and wrote: “Sundown on the Pacific Ocean. Clear skies! Aside from the marine cloud layer over the ocean horizon. In a couple of moments the sun can be behind the marine clouds.” Thanks, Cecille!

Why newest sunsets observe summer time solstice

The newest sunsets come after the summer time solstice as a result of the day is greater than 24 hours lengthy right now of the yr.

For a number of weeks, across the June solstice, the day (as measured by successive returns of the noon sun) is almost 1/4 minute longer than 24 hours. Therefore, the noon sun (solar noon) comes later by the clock in late June than it does on the June solstice. Subsequently, the dawn and sundown instances additionally come later by the clock, because the desk beneath helps to elucidate.

Charts showing dates and times.

Supply: timeanddate.com

Golden-orangish clouds in a dark blue sky after sunset.
View at EarthSky Community Photos. | Mandy Daniels of Derbyshire, United Kingdom, captured this picture on Might 23, 2023, and wrote: “The sky simply after sundown, trying north and west from my backyard.” Thanks, Mandy!

Clock time and sun time

If the Earth’s axis stood upright as our world circled the sun, and if, as well as, the Earth stayed the identical distance from the sun all yr lengthy, then clock time and sun time would all the time agree.

Nonetheless, the Earth’s axis is tilted 23.44 levels out of vertical, and our distance from the sun varies by about 3 million miles (5 million km) all year long. At and across the equinoxes, solar days are shorter than 24 hours, but on the solstices, solar days are longer than 24 hours.

That’s why the most recent sunsets all the time come on or close to June 27 at mid-northern latitudes yearly.

At mid-northern latitudes, the later clock time for solar midday one week after the summer time solstice is extra substantial than the change in daytime. Provided that the daytime on June 27 are virtually the identical as they’re on the June 20-21 solstice, the later clock time for the June 27 solar midday provides us barely later dawn and sundown instances, as nicely.

A phrase about twilight

There are three sorts of twilight:

Civil twilight begins at sunset and ends when the sun is 6 degrees beneath the horizon.

Nautical twilight happens when the sun is 6 to 12 levels beneath the horizon.

Astronomical twilight occurs when the sun is 12 to 18 levels beneath the horizon.

North of 50 degrees north latitude, there’s no true night time within the month of June. In June, that far north, the sun by no means will get far sufficient beneath the horizon for true night time to happen. So from 50 levels north latitude – to the Arctic Circle (66.5 levels north latitude) – you’ll discover midnight twilight right now of yr.

And, above the Arctic Circle to the North Pole (90 levels north latitude), this time of yr is the time of the midnight sun.

Read more: What exactly is twilight?

A diagram with different grades of blue, showing the sun's distance below the horizon at different levels of twilight.
Skywatchers study to acknowledge the delicate gradations of twilight. True night time doesn’t start till the sun sinks 18 degrees beneath the horizon. North of 50 degrees north latitude, there isn’t any true night time in June as a result of the sun by no means will get far sufficient beneath the horizon. Go to sunrise sunset calendars for the instances of civil, nautical and astronomical twilight in your sky. Picture by way of Wikimedia commons.

Backside line: Why don’t the most recent sunsets come on the longest day (the solstice)? In a nutshell, it’s a discrepancy between the sun and the clock. Thus, for mid-northern latitudes, the most recent sunsets all the time are available late June.

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