AstronomyResearch investigates evolution of symbiotic binary HM Sagittae

Research investigates evolution of symbiotic binary HM Sagittae

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HST WFC3 [N II] picture of HM Sge and the encircling nebula enhanced artistically to intensify the principle nebular options of various distinction scales for the large-scale nebular construction and central area. Credit score: arXiv (2023). DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2312.01984

Utilizing the Hubble House Telescope (HST) and the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA), astronomers have carried out a multiwavelength examine of a symbiotic binary often known as HM Sagittae. Outcomes of the examine, presented December 4 on the pre-print server arXiv, yield essential insights into the evolution of this method.

Symbiotic stars are interacting binaries showcasing dramatic, episodic modifications within the spectra of their mild as a result of one of many pair is a highly regarded, small star (e.g. white dwarf, neutron star), whereas the opposite is a cool large. These programs might ship essential info for researchers learning numerous features of stellar evolution.

Positioned some 3,350 light years away from the Earth, HM Sagittae (or HM Sge for brief) is a symbiotic system composed of a cool highly-evolved oxygen-rich (M-type) asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star, most definitely a Mira variable, accreting materials onto a white dwarf (WD). The 2 stars are separated by 40 AU and the orbital interval of the system is estimated to be at the very least 90 days.

HM Sge skilled a nova-like outburst in 1975 when it brightened six magnitudes within the optical band. Nevertheless, in contrast to what’s noticed in classical novae, the outburst remained close to its peak brightness far longer than the anticipated few days.

Now, a workforce of astronomers led by Steven Goldman of the House Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore, Maryland, has investigated HM Sge in infrared, optical and ultraviolet bands, to be able to perceive how the system advanced because the 1975 outburst. For this function, they analyzed new and archival information from HST and SOFIA.

The examine detected water emission traces in HM Sge, most of which present velocity shifts of a few kilometers per second. That is the primary detection of water emission in a symbiotic system. Furthermore, some motion of nebular options within the system has been additionally noticed, equivalent to common outflow velocities of some dozen kilometers per second.

Goldman’s workforce discovered that the 2 parts of HM Sge skilled appreciable modifications over the previous few many years. The efficient temperature of the white dwarf elevated from lower than 200,000 Ok in 1989 to at the very least 250,000 Ok. A dimming within the I-band over the previous 12 months has been noticed, which can be linked to the orbital movement of the system.

Moreover, infrared photometry and grism spectroscopy of the AGB star present a barely larger near-infrared flux and fainter far-infrared flux. The researchers assume that this will even be associated to the orbital movement, or it could recommend that HM Sge has returned to producing dust at full capability.

They added that the form of the AGB star’s spectral power distribution (SED) because the outburst means that this star swiftly returned to important secure dust manufacturing.

Based mostly on the collected information, the authors of the paper additionally discovered that the AGB star has a luminosity of about 1,500–2,000 solar luminosities and a gasoline mass-loss price at a stage of 0.000004 solar masses per 12 months.

Extra info:
Steven Goldman et al, A Multi-Wavelength Research of the Symbiotic Mira HM Sge with SOFIA & HST, arXiv (2023). DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2312.01984

Journal info:
arXiv


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Analysis investigates evolution of symbiotic binary HM Sagittae (2023, December 14)
retrieved 14 December 2023
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